Aug 26, 2025
The 2025 ACC/AHA Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) Guideline clarifies diagnostic distinctions using electrocardiogram changes, troponin levels, and imaging tools such as coronary CT angiography and echocardiography in the emergency setting. Updates in lipid-lowering strategies and antiplatelet therapy reflect a more...
Aug 19, 2025
Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (CTO PCI) is a procedure used to open coronary arteries that have been completely blocked for an extended period. It offers benefits like reduced angina and improved quality of life but carries risks such as vessel injury, heart attack, and procedural failure....
Aug 12, 2025
While blood thinners like warfarin and direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) remain the standard for stroke prophylaxis, left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) devices offer a non-pharmacologic alternative for patients at high bleeding risk. Recent trials have shown that LAAO can be as effective as anticoagulants in...
Aug 5, 2025
Persistent symptoms after an acute pulmonary embolism (PE) may indicate post-pulmonary embolism syndrome (PPES), a condition affecting up to 50% of patients. The most important consideration in managing PPES is to carefully evaluate and differentiate it from other potential causes of ongoing shortness of breath,...